It is a disease that usually occurs as a result of recurrent middle ear infections. Many patients also have inadequate functioning of the Eustachian tube. Harmful tissues in the middle ear caused by cholesteatoma; they may cause perforation in the eardrum, destruction of the ossicles, severe hearing loss, melting in adjacent bone structures, in more…
It is the congenital unilateral or bilateral closure of the area between the nasal cavity and the nasopharynx. This area, which should normally be open during childbirth, can sometimes remain closed in the form of a thin membrane structure and sometimes rigidly in the form of a bone structure. Choanal atresia can be alone or…
Hearing is achieved by the sounds coming to our ears by reaching the eardrum through the auricle and external ear canal, vibrating the eardrum, and then being transferred to the inner ear by the movement of the stapes, incus and malleus bones in the middle ear. After the inner ear, it is converted into electrical…
Sinus structures, also called paranasal sinuses, are 4 pairs of air spaces located within the facial bones and each is named along with the bone structures in which they are located (maxillary, ethmoid, frontal and sphenoid sinuses). The sinuses, which are partially present at birth, are almost completely developed around the age of 12-14. It…
Tonsils are two tissues located on both sides of the uvula that is visible through the mouth with a direct look. The adenoids, on the other hand, are a tissue in the rearmost part of the nasal cavity, in the upper part of the back of the uvula (the area called the nasopharynx) and are…
Aesthetic nose surgery is a reshaping surgery to improve the nose functionally and aesthetically by intervening in the bone and cartilage structures it contains. The structure of the nose, which has an important place in the appearance of the face, is personal and a problem existing in this region will affect the social life of…
The nasal septum is a structure that separates to two part the nasal cavity from the middle and it is cartilage at the front part and bone at the back part. When the septum is not located in the middle, unequal gaps occur in the nostrils, which sometimes causes nasal blockage. Many people have mild…
The nasal conchas (turbinates) are 6 in total, three in each nostril. It is called as upper, middle and lower Concha according to their placement in the nose. The inner part contains the bony structure, the surface contains soft tissue, and concha growth (hypertrophy) may concern both the bone and soft tissue part. The functions…
What is laryngeal (throat) cancer It is one of the most common types of cancer that can occur on the vocal cords or adjacent areas to the vocal cords. Although they are more common in men, smokers and older (40-60), the incidence in women has been rising in recent years due to increase smoking. Alcohol…
There are six major salivary glands in the head and neck region, three each on the left and right sides. In addition, there are hundreds of small (microscopic) salivary glands present in the oral mucosa and the entire respiratory system. Main salivary glands: Parotid salivary gland: Located on the cheek, in front of the auricle…